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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. D. DE BENJUMBA. STEAM BOILER.

W/TNESSES,

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. D. DE BENJUMEA. STEAM BOILER.

No. 544,152. Patented Aug. 6, 1895.

W/TNESSE M70/MHS.

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(No Model.)

No. 544,152. Patented Aug. 6,1895.

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WZ? a@ UNITED TATES PATENT Ormea.

JOS D. DE BENJUMEA, or Nnw YORK, N. Y.

STEAM-BOILR.'

SPECIFICATIN forming part of Letters Patent No. 544,152, dated August 6,1895. vApplication filed November 10, 1894 Serial No. 528,399- (Nomodel.)

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOS D. DE BENJUMEA, of New York city, in the countyand State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Steam-Boiler, ofwhich the following is afull, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to steam-boilers, and has for its objects toprovide a steam-generator which is very strong, comparatively light, andthat is adapted byits construction to utilize the heat produced withinit to a remarkable degree, whereby safety and economy are secured by theuse of the improvements.

To these ends my invention consists in the construction and combinationof parts, as is hereinafter described, and indicated in the claims. f

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar figures of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a sectional side view substantially on the line 1 1 in Fig.3. Fig. 2 is a partly sectional side view of the improvement, showingsome parts slightly modified in form. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view onthe line 3 3 in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4t is a partly sectional side View of ahorizontal boiler having a fire-box and the improvements appliedsubstantially in the same manner as represented in the precedingfigures.

Referring primarily to Figs. 1, 2, and 8, which show th-e embodiment ofmy invention in a vertical boiler, 10 represents the shell or casing ofcylindrical form.

An ash-pit 11 is produced in the base of the shell 10 by supporting aseries of grate-bars 12 at their ends on a bracketring-13, or by othermeans, at a proper distance above the support whereon the boiler stands,and above the grate-bars a fire-chamber 14 is formed'by lining the shellwith fire-brick or other refractory material 15, that is preferablyconverged, as shown at 14a, to provide a central throat-aperture.

To facilitate the construction and assembling of parts it is preferredto separate the shell 10 on the line of the top surface of thelining-wall 15 and connect the two shell-sections by angle-iron rings10b that are bolted together, as represented in Fig. 1.

On the lining material 15 two concentric shells 16 17 are erected, theshell 17 having a greater diameter than the shell 16, the latter beinglocated near the margin of the throataperture 14 and the shell 17 beinglocated outside of the shell 16 concentric therewith and with the outershell 10.

Between the shell 10 and the shell 17 a spiral partition 18 isintroduced and secured by any suitable means, and the said partition maybe formed of any appropriate material and be solid, as shown in Fig. 1,or hollow, as represented at 18a in Fig. 2, where the upper portion ofthe spiral partition appears.

A second spiral partition 19 is inserted between the concentric shells16 and 17, which is preferably given a pitch similar to that of theouter spiral partition 18, and said partition 19, that maybe solid orhollow, is secured to the shells 16 and 17 by cross bolts or rivets19a,`and if constructed hollow the partition 19 may be so connected withthe heat-passage 22a that the products of combustion will traverse thehollow partition and aid in heating the water. y

The shells 16 17 are preferably corrugated, as at 16a 17a, between theplain portions, that are engaged by the partitions 18 and 19, therebygreatlyincreasing their strength an'd heat-conducting surface.

The annular space between the shells 16 17 is closed at the upper andlower ends by rings 2O 21, that are secured in place water and steamtight by transverse bolts or rivets 2Oa and 21a. I

Within the shell 16 a third spiral partition 22 is held by any preferredmeans, having contact with the inner surface ofthe shell 16, as shownclearly in Fig. 1, the points of impinge being on the plain portions ofsaid shell, so that a close joint is aorded.

The spiral partition 22 has contact with a core 23, that extends throughthe center of the coil and serves to close the aperture that would beformed if said core were not provided, thereby producing a continuousspiral passage 22a. On the upper end of the shell 10 an angle ring 10dis secured, so as to project one iiange radially therefrom, or the shellitself may be bent at a rightl angle outwardly at the upper end toprovide a circumferential flange, whereon the crown-sheet 2 4 is securedand covers the top of the said Ico shell 10, a space intervening saidcrown-sheet and the upper ends of the shells 15 and 17, as shown in Fig.1.

A steam-dome 25 is located o'n the shell 10, and preferably has acircumferential flange 25, formed or secured on the edge that restseither on the crown-sheet 24 or on the angleiron ring 10% IE the crownsheet is introduced between the flange of the dome and that of the shellthese paris may be secured together by one set of bolts, as is shown at24 in Figs. 1 and 2.

The spiral space 1G, between the shells 16 and 17, is designed tocontain water, that may be introduced at a desired point by any usualmeans, (not showin) and two or more branch pipes 2G are extended betweenthe shell 17 and crown-sheet 24, tapping the said shell and sheet, thusaffording free passage for Water and steam between the cavity of thedome 25 and spiral water-space 16".

The crown-sheet 24 may be reinforced by one or more arched crown-bars27, secured to the sheet b y bolts in the ordinary manner, and at theapex of the dome a steam'outlet pipe 29 is secured, as shown, or saidpipe may be attached at any other point if preferred.

Hand-holes are formed in the shell 10 at ditferent points to affordaccess to the spiral passage 10, intervening the coils of the spiralpartition 1S, which hand-holes are covered by bonnets 2S, held in placeby bail-clamps 28, or in any other ordinary Way, and which bonnets whenremoved will permit the removal of deposits, such as ashes or soot, thatmay accumulate in the spiral passage mentioned.

At the lower end of the spiral passage 10c a draft-pipe 28 is securedover an aperture in the shell 10, which pipe is extended of a sufficientheight to insure a proper combustion of fuel placed in the fire-chamber14, access to which chamber is afforded through an aperture in theliningwall 15, that is closed by a hinged door 15 in the usual manner.

The boiler-shell may be covered by any suitable non-conductor of heat,as shown at 10e in Fig. 2.

The ash-pit 1l may have air-ducts in its side Wall, and these apertureshave the ordinary register-gates 11 to regulate the admission of air forsupplying oxygen to the fuel in the fire-chamber.

It is to be understood that the usual fittings for a steamboiler,such asa steam-gage, safety-valve, and Watergages,-are to be supplied for theboiler, but as these are not necessary to show the features of inventionthey are omitted from the drawings.

The operation of the improved steam-boiler is as follows: Water issupplied to the spiral space 16b in suiiicient amount to cause it toenter the steam-dome and cover the crownsheet 24, and for effectiveservice, as Well as to protect said sheet, Water should be fed to theboiler while in service, so as to maintain it about at the level shownin Fig. l, which will allow ample space above the Water for containingsteam. Fire being started in the fire-chamber 14, the heatcurrent andproducts of combustion will pass up the spiral passage 22, thatintervenes the coils of the spiral partition 22, the course of the heatbeing indicated by arrows in Fig. 1. After the hot products ofcombustion have traversed the comparatively long spiral passage in theinner shell 1G they will impiuge on the under side of the crown'sheet24, and as the surface of the shell 1G, with which the heat is thrown incontact, is corrugated the passage of said heat will be somewhatretarded, and a large percentage of heat is absorbed and transmitted tothe water in the spiral space 16. The heat is deflected by thecrown-sheet 21, and a portion transmitted through said plate to theWater covering the crown-sheet, and by the draft of the pipe 2S the hotproducts of combustion are drawn down the spiral passage intervening thepartition 18, which Will cause the heat thus drawn to have contact withthe corrugated portion of the shell 17, thereby heating it and the waterthat contacts its inner surface.

It will be seen that by the peculiar construction of the improvedboiler, a spiral water column is enveloped byan ascending and descendingspiral column of heat, and as the water thus exposed to heat is ofcomparatively small volume at any point itis rapidly raised intemperature, and steam is evolved copiously and quickly.

The long passages that the heat from the fire-chamber is compelled totraverse before the products of combustion reach the draftpipe effectthe transmission of a large percentage of heat to the water in the space16" for heating said water to produce steam, so that great economyresults from the use of the improvements.

The peculiar disposition of the material composing the boiler affordsgreat strength in proportion to the Weight and thickness of saidmaterial, as the corrugation of the shells 1G 17 in spiral form, Whileit increases heatingsurface, also increases the capacity of these shellsto resist bursting-strains, so that a comparatively light boiler havingthe improvements is capable of sustaining safely a very highsteam-pressure, which is of advantage wherever it is desired toeconomize in cost, weight, and dimensions of a boiler that is capable ofevolving safely ver()T high pressure steam.

In Fig. Il of the drawings l have shown my improvements applied to ahorizontal boiler, and the construction, being very similar to thatabove described, will need no special description.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patentl. A steam-boiler, comprising acasing, having afire box and concentric shells arranged to form a tubular water spaceand inner and outer heating spaces, one of the heatin g spaces IIOhavingone end in communication with the fire-box and the other'heatingspace having its adjacentend connected to the outlet Iiue and separatedfrom the fire-box, the other ends of the said heating spaces beingconnected together, substantially as set forth.

2. A steam -boiler comprising concentric shells arranged to form atubular Water space, an inner heating space inclosed by the water space,and an outer heating space inclosing the water space, and spiralpartitions in the said spaces,- substantially. as set forth.

3. A steam-boiler comprising three concentric shells arranged to form atubular water space, an inner inclosed heating space and an outerinclosing heating space, the inner shells, a crown sheet arranged abovethe top of the water-space, a steam-dome over the crownsheet andconnected to the water-space, and a tire-box connected to the foot ofthe inner heating space, substantially as set forth.

4. In a steam boiler, the combination with an outer cylindrical shell,and two cylindrical shells, one of greater diameter than the other,located concentrically within said outer shell, the said inner shellshaving spiral corrugations, of a spiral partition between the outershell and the outermost of the inner shells, a spiral partition betweenthe inner shells, a secondspiral partition within the innermost of theinner shells, and closing rings at the top and bottom of the innershells, substantially as described.

5. In a steam boiler, the combination with an outer cylindrical shell,two concentrically disposed inner cylindrical she1ls,'spiral partitionsbetween and within the inner shells and the outer shell, and a closingring at each end of the inner shells, of a steam dome on the shell above'thekspiral partitions, and branch pipes extending from the spacebetween the -inner shells to tap the dome, substantially as described.

6. In a steam boiler, the combination with an upright, cylindrical shellhaving a ire chamber in its base, and two cylindrical shells of dierentdiameters, within and concentric with the outer shell, of a spiralpartition with in the innermost shell and forming an up-take for hotgases from the fire chamber, sealing Arings between the ends of the twoinner shells,

forminga water holding space between said shells, a spiral partition insaid space, a spiral partition between the larger of the inner shellsand the outer shell, forming a spiral downtake passage for products ot'combustion, a draft pipe at the lower eind of said passage, a deilectingcrown sheet on the top of the outer shell and spaced from the upper endsof the inner shells, a steam dome on the outer shell, and connectingpipes between the water space and the'dome, substantially as described.l

-7. A steam-boiler comprising concentric rings having corrugationsseparated by spiral plain surfaces, said rings being arranged to formconcentric heating and water spaces, and spiral partitions secured tosaid spiral plain surfaces of the rings, substantially as set forth.

Joss D'. DE BENJUMEA.

